Biofuels – Bio fuels is a liquid derived from plant materials. The use of Bio-fuels is gaining importance and its demand is growing because of oil price spikes and the need for increased energy security.
The sugar parts of plant materials are fermented and alcohol is extracted from it, which is known as Bioethanol. It was mostly derived from sugar and starch crops, but with the advancement of technology, for production of ethanol, cellulosic biomass, such as trees and grasses, are now used as feedstocks. In its pure form, ethanol can be used as a fuel for vehicles, but it is usually used as a gasoline additive to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions. Brazil and USA are the two countries, which widely use Ethanol fuel. Almost all gas stations in Brazil sell it and all gas contains 25% of bioethanol.
From animal fats or recycled greases and vegetable oils Biodiesel are produced. Biodiesel production is the act of producing the Biofuels, biodiesel, through either transesterification or alcoholysis. The process involves reacting vegetable oils or animal fats. Like Bioethanol, Biodiesel also can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form. However, Biodiesel is usually used as a diesel additive to reduce carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons from diesel-powered vehicles. Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using transesterification and is the most common biofuel in Europe.
So that’s said environmentalists have warned the revolution of Biofuel by developed countries. They warn that this will lead to food crisis for the world's poor, speed up global warming and lead to the loss of vital habitat worldwide.
Public have now become aware of this and the campaigners of climate change need to protest the ecological cost of producing billions of liters of petrol and diesel from plant sources. It is going to use up plants, sugar, starch crops, tress, grasses, vegetable oils and animal fats to produce these Biofuel.
There is no guarantee that this new technology will reduce carbon emissions.
A study contained by Royal Society For the Protection of Birds (RSPB) criticized the introduction of the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO), which requires oil companies to ensure all petrol and diesel to contain a minimum level of biofuel, as 'over-hasty and utter folly'.
The chief executive of RSPB has said that there was already widespread evidence that biofuel production was destroying vast areas of unspoilt habitat and has made at least one species extinct.
The World Bank and the UN had also expressed concern about the impact of Biofuels on world food prices, sparking riots from Haiti to the Philippines.
The urgent attention is now drawn to people all over the world especially poor countries to resist as much as possible the production of biofuel. The more the production of biofuel the less will be the foodstock for people’s consumption. This in turn will create more demand for foodstock due to its non availability and increase in its prices. The lack of purchasing power by poor people means they will be unable to spend money on food items and will finally lead to their dying of starvation.
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